Use of Ultrasound to Investigate Glucose Oxidase and Storage Effects on the Rheological Properties of Cooked Asian Noodles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This is the first use of a longitudinal ultrasonic technique to address the rheological properties of cooked noodles. Ultrasound (11 MHz) was utilized to investigate the influence of glucose oxidase (GOx) at the 1.5 U/g of flour level on the rheological properties of cooked alkaline noodles before and after 72 h of storage at 4°C. Cooked noodle dough samples were studied by simultaneously conducting stress relaxation and transmission ultrasonic measurements, yielding Peleg's K 1 and K 2 parameters (initial rate of relaxation and extent of relaxation, respectively) and ultrasonic information on noodle texture properties. Ultrasonic phase velocities and attenuation coefficients did not show significant differences between control and GOx noodles either before or after 72 h of refrigeration. However, refrigerated storage of control and GOx noodles did result in a significant increase in wave velocity and storage modulus ( M′ ) as well as a decrease in attenuation and tan δ L (ratio of longitudinal loss modulus to longitudinal storage modulus), indicating increased firmness of noodle structure with storage time. Stress relaxation results on fresh unrefrigerated noodles showed an increase in Peleg's K 1 and K 2 parameters with GOx addition but did not resolve any significant changes in these parameters after 72 h of storage. This small amount of GOx did not improve cooked noodle texture, although noodle matrix changes during storage were clearly revealed by the noninvasive ultrasonic data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".