Tan spot of lima bean caused by <i>Boeremia exigua</i> var. <i>exigua</i> in New York State, USA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2013, a new foliar disease was observed in processing lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) plants in fields across western New York State, USA. The fungus Boeremia exigua var. exigua (Desm.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley was consistently isolated from lesions. The fungus was identified by characterization of morphological features and multiple genes (internal transcribed spacer, partial actin, β-tubulin, translation elongation factor 1-α and calmodulin) informative for speciation within the Didymellaceae. Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculation of three lima bean cultivars in a repeated greenhouse experiment. Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), which are commonly encountered in the cropping rotation in New York State, were also inoculated, and demonstrated susceptibility to the pathogen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Boeremia exigua var. exigua causing tan spot disease on foliage of lima bean in New York State, USA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".