Comparison between complete and partial recovery of N and P from stale human urine with MAP crystallization
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To provide an option of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) crystallization for different recovery objective and treatment aim of separated stale human urine, five lab-scale tests were conducted, among which two of them acted as complete N and P recovery and three of them as partial N and complete P recovery, respectively. The results showed the recovery efficiencies of PO43–-P were more than 85% when the molar ratio of Mg/N/P was above the needed stoichiometric proportion for MAP precipitation. Although higher recovery efficiencies of NH4+-N and PO43–-P could be obtained by adding more phosphate and magnesium salts during MAP precipitation, there existed disadvantages such as inconvenient operation, hard to be put into practice, high operation cost, etc. Thus it was not recommended to completely recover NH4+-N and PO43–-P simultaneously if there were no wastes containing high phosphorus on hand. All harvested precipitates were identified as nearly pure struvite with the presence of trace elements of K, Na, Ni, Mn, and Ca.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".