Impact of Induced Seismicity on the Evaluation of Seismic Hazard: Some Preliminary Considerations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research Article| March 18, 2015 Impact of Induced Seismicity on the Evaluation of Seismic Hazard: Some Preliminary Considerations Gail M. Atkinson; Gail M. Atkinson Department of Earth Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7gmatkinson@aol.comhghofra@uwo.cakassatou@uwo.ca Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Hadi Ghofrani; Hadi Ghofrani Department of Earth Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7gmatkinson@aol.comhghofra@uwo.cakassatou@uwo.ca Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Karen Assatourians Karen Assatourians Department of Earth Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7gmatkinson@aol.comhghofra@uwo.cakassatou@uwo.ca Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Seismological Research Letters (2015) 86 (3): 1009–1021. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140204 Article history first online: 14 Jul 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Gail M. Atkinson, Hadi Ghofrani, Karen Assatourians; Impact of Induced Seismicity on the Evaluation of Seismic Hazard: Some Preliminary Considerations. Seismological Research Letters 2015;; 86 (3): 1009–1021. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140204 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search ABSTRACT A case study of seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing operations near Fox Creek, Alberta, is used to evaluate the extent to which the potential for induced seismicity at a site alters the pre‐existing hazard from natural seismicity. We find that in low‐to‐moderate seismicity environments, the hazard from an induced‐seismicity source, if one is activated in close proximity to a site, can greatly exceed the hazard from natural background seismicity at most probabilities of engineering interest, over a wide frequency range. The most important parameters in determining the induced‐seismicity hazard are the activation probability and the b‐value of the initiated sequence. Uncertainty in the value of the key input parameters to a hazard analysis implies large uncertainty (more than an order of magnitude) in the likelihood of strong shaking. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.033 | 0.127 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".