Translational activation and repression by distinct elements within the 5′-UTR of ENaC α-subunit mRNA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The rat amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na(+) channel (rENaC), the rate-limiting step in epithelial Na(+) transport, consists of three subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma. We hypothesized that alpha-rENaC translation is regulated via its 5'-untranslated region (UTR). Transient transfections of alpha-rENaC promoter-reporter constructs in representative epithelial cell lines demonstrated up to fivefold differences in activity among constructs containing different amounts of the alpha-rENaC 5'-UTR sequence. Differences in reporter protein activity did not parallel differences in reporter mRNA, demonstrating that 5'-UTR regulation must be at the level of translation. Specifically, translation was enhanced by a region extending from +53 to +211 bp downstream from the transcription start site and repressed by the region between +367 and +499 bp. Examination of the 5'-UTR sequence revealed an out-of-frame initiation codon within the repressive region, 43 bp upstream from the start of the alpha-rENaC open reading frame. Mutational analysis of this upstream start codon indicated that it plays, at most, a minor role in impeding translation both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that additional mechanisms of translational regulation are operative.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".