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Record W2176741940 · doi:10.5589/m12-056

Quantifying biomass production on rangeland in southern Alberta using SPOT imagery

2013· article· en· W2176741940 on OpenAlexaffvenueabout
Kristin M. Grant, Dan L. Johnson, David Hildebrand, Derek R. Peddle

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Journal of Remote Sensing · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicRangeland and Wildlife Management
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Lethbridge
Fundersnot available
KeywordsRangelandGeographyBiomass (ecology)CartographyAerial imageryForestryProduction (economics)Remote sensingPhysical geographyEnvironmental scienceEnvironmental resource managementAgroforestryEcologyBiology

Abstract

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AbstractVegetation biomass was estimated for ungrazed pastures in two grassland ecoregions of Alberta, Canada, using multispectral 20 m SPOT satellite imagery and vegetation indices (VIs) for multitemporal imagery acquired throughout the growing season with associated field validation data at four study areas. Eight VIs were tested as well as four different types of transformations (linear, log, exponential, power) to ascertain the best predictive model. The Renormalized Difference Vegetation Index and Transformed Vegetation Index provided the best overall prediction (r2 = 0.68) of the amount of above-ground green biomass production, but only marginally better than the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Modified Simple Ratio, and other indices tested. When assessed by subregion, the Foothills Fescue study areas had higher discrimination (r2 = 0.72) and from more VIs than for Dry Mixedgrass (r2 = 0.61). In almost all cases a power function best described the form of the relationship between biomass and imagery variables. Compared with green biomass (current-year growth), the predictive power was lower when nonphotosynthetic vegetation (NPV, or carryover: dry, dead matter primarily from the previous year) was included in the analysis (total biomass = green biomass + NPV). The six VIs that used red and near infrared bands consistently outperformed the two VIs that used the green band. There was no clear preference for a specific VI from this battery of tests, likely owing to the functional equivalence of many VIs. ANOVA and Tukey tests showed significant variation between region and by sampling date for six imaging dates and field sampling periods throughout the growing season, with a possible mid-season change in the rate of biomass production evident for both green and total biomass. It was concluded that for regional studies elsewhere, a variety of VIs should be considered and that transformations are recommended to improve statistical predictive capabilities. Other methods such as spectral mixture analysis may be required to achieve improved results, particularly when including the important NPV component of biomass. The ability of SPOT satellites to acquire imagery every 2–3 days enabled a more comprehensive multitemporal study using high-spatial resolution data throughout the growing season, with important implications in terms of operational monitoring programs.La biomasse végétale a été estimée pour des prairies non soumises aux activités de pâturage dans deux écorégions de prairies en Alberta, au Canada, à l'aide d'images multispectrales de SPOT à 20 m de résolution et d'indices de végétation (IV) dérivés d'images multidates acquises durant la saison de croissance en conjonction avec des données de terrain sur quatre sites d'étude pour la validation. Huit indices de végétation ont été testés de même que quatre types différents de transformations (linéaire, log, exponentielle et puissance) pour déterminer le meilleur modèle prédictif. L'indice RDVI (Renormalized Difference Vegetation Index) et l'indice TVI (Transformed Vegetation Index) ont donné la meilleure valeur globale de prédiction (r2= 0,68) de la production de biomasse aérienne verte, bien que leur performance ne soit que légèrement supérieure à celle de l'indice NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), de l'indice MSR (Modified Simple Ratio) et des autres indices testés. Une évaluation par sous-région a montré que les zones d'étude de la Prairie à fétuque affichaient une discrimination supérieure (r2 = 0,72) et cela pour plus d'indices de végétation que dans le cas de la Prairie mixte sèche (r2= 0,61). Dans la plupart des cas, une fonction de puissance a permis de mieux décrire la forme de la relation entre les variables de la biomasse et celles des images. Comparativement à la biomasse verte (croissance de l'année en cours), le pouvoir prédictif était plus faible lorsque la part de végétation non-photosynthétique (NPV ou matière sèche et morte datant principalement de l'année précédente) était incluse dans l'analyse (biomasse totale = biomasse verte + NPV). Les six indices de végétation qui utilisaient les bandes du rouge et du proche infrarouge affichaient de façon constante une meilleure performance que les deux indices utilisant la bande verte. Aucun indice de végétation en particulier ne se distinguait clairement lors des nombreux tests effectués, vraisemblablement à cause de l'équivalence fonctionnelle entre plusieurs des indices de végétation. Des tests d'ANOVA (analyse de variance) et de Tukey ont montré des variations significatives entre les régions et selon les dates d'échantillonnage pour six dates d'acquisition et périodes d'échantillonnage sur le terrain durant la saison de croissance, avec un changement possible observé en mi-saison dans le taux de production de biomasse évident pour la biomasse verte et la biomasse totale. En conclusion, pour des études régionales réalisées ailleurs, plusieurs indices de végétation différents devraient être pris en considération et il est recommandé de procéder à des transformations pour améliorer le potentiel prédictif des statistiques. D'autres méthodes, comme l'analyse des mélanges spectraux, peuvent s'avérer nécessaires pour atteindre de meilleurs résultats, en particulier lorsque l'on inclut la composante importante qu'est la NPV de la biomasse. La capacité des satellites SPOT d'acquérir des images à tous les 2–3 jours a permis de réaliser une étude multitemporelle plus détaillée en utilisant des données à haute résolution spatiale tout au long de la saison de croissance, ce qui constitue un atout important en termes des programmes opérationnels de suivi.[Traduit par la Rédaction] AcknowledgementsThis research was supported by: a NSERC Industrial Post-Graduate Scholarship, NSERC Discovery Grants, the Canada Research Chairs program, and by partner agencies Blackbridge Geomatics Corp., Agriculture Financial Services Corporation (AFSC), and the Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre (ATIC, University of Lethbridge). Susan Crump (AFSC) provided important research and logistical support. SPOT images were obtained from Blackbridge Geomatics Corp., who also provided image preprocessing support. Kean O'Shea, Greg Dooper, and Ian Abbs are thanked for image and field assistance. A variety of landowners in southern Alberta kindly provided access to their property which was greatly appreciated. The anonymous CJRS reviewers are thanked for their insightful comments and suggestions that helped improve the final presentation.

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How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.840
Threshold uncertainty score0.765

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026
GPT teacher head0.224
Teacher spread0.198 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designOther design
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations17
Published2013
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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