Reducing the Stigma of Mental Illness: A Report from a Global Programme of the World Psychiatric Association
Bibliographic record
Abstract
I chose to review this book because of my growing recognition of the ways in which stigma affects all aspects of my work with the seriously mentally ill. In the US, where I currently live and work, institutionalized stigma takes the elusive form of legislative negligence. There are no meaningful mental health parity laws (which would ensure that mental health care is covered by health insurance companies on an equal level with non-psychiatric conditions). As a result access to mental health care is not universally available, and the development of accessible, comprehensive mental health systems is the exception rather than the rule. In addition, the pervasive effects of stigma deeply affect all of the following: an individual’s willingness to seek treatment, adherence to medication, housing opportunities, employment opportunities, entanglement with the criminal justice system, voting and parenting rights, family and caregiver stress, and limited social networks for affected individuals and their families. Moreover, there is evidence that stigma is growing despite ever increasing advances in our understanding of the etiology and treatment of psychiatric disorders. In 1996, the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) began an international initiative to fight the stigma and discrimination associated with schizophrenia. Since then, the “Open the Doors” programme has been implemented in more than 20 countries and has involved more than 200 interventions aimed at reducing stigma against individuals with schizophrenia. This book tells the story of how the global programme was developed. Individual chapters describe country specific reports on interventions taken, recommendations derived from that country’s experience, and cautions relevant in considering whether to implement similar initiatives elsewhere. In addition, appendices are included which outline detailed instructions on how to plan and implement a local programme, along with a suggested timeline. The book is organized as follows: Developing the “Open the Doors” Programme PHASE 1 – Calgary, Alberta PHASE 2 – Spain & Austria PHASE 3 – Germany, Italy, Greece, US, Poland and Japan PHASE 4 – Slovakia, Turkey, Brazil, Egypt, Morocco, UK, Australia, Chile, India and Romania Conclusions and Recommendations Appendices
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".