Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cold bends are frequently required in energy pipelines in order to change the vertical and horizontal orientation of the pipeline route. They are produced by plastically bending a pipe joint in a cold bending machine, by creating a series of uniformly spaced kinks. This procedure acts to reduce the moment capacity and buckling strain of the pipe, and studying the changes in pipe properties caused by cold bending is valuable in assessing the level of this strength reduction. Accordingly, the initial imperfections and material transformations of five full-scale cold bend pipes were assessed in this research program. The imperfections were measured at several locations around the circumference of the specimens, along the entire bend length. It was determined that the distribution of imperfections was similar in shape to a sine function, and their amplitude ranged from 0.3 to 1.0 mm. Tension coupon tests were conducted on material from the intrados, extrados, and virgin material of the specimens. It was revealed that the extrados material exhibited an increase in yield strength due to work hardening, and that the intrados material demonstrated a reduction in yield strength due to the Bauschinger Effect. It was established that the imperfections, and material transformations in the specimens were predominantly unaffected by the kink magnitude or spacing that was employed during the cold bending procedure.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it