Polyacrylamide molecular formulation effects on erosion control of disturbed soil on steep rocky slopes
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Yang, L.-x., Li, S.-c., Sun, H.-l., Ye, F.-f., Liu, W. and Luo, S. 2011. Polyacrylamide molecular formulation effects on erosion control of disturbed soil on steep rocky slopes. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 917–924. Soil erosion caused by increasing runoff and soil disturbances is a severe problem on steep rocky slopes. One possible soil erosion control measure is the application of polyacrylamide (PAM). Little is known about PAM application in the ecological recovery field, especially for steep rocky slopes. Our objective was to examine the ability of a range of anionic PAMs to control soil erosion on steep rocky slopes. Nine types of anionic PAMs were studied, which consisted of three molecular weights (MW) and three charge densities (CD) in a factorial design. The study was conducted using laboratory soil trays exposed to simulated rainfall. Three soils of different textures were treated with PAM using hydro-seeding technology with soil trays at a 60° slope. This work demonstrates that PAMs are effective at improving infiltration, thereby decreasing soil erosion. The PAMs that performed best for erosion control were the 14 Mg mol −1 MW and 30% CD for the loamy sand, the 10 Mg mol −1 MW and 20% CD for the silty loam, and the 6 Mg mol −1 MW and 30% CD for the silty clay. These results could assist ecologists in developing PAM application strategies to promote slope recovery.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it