NEST SURVIVAL OF SCAUP AND OTHER DUCKS IN THE BOREAL FOREST OF ALASKA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We estimated variation in nest survival of lesser scaup (Aythya affinis), greater scaup (A. marila), and other common duck species at Minto Flats, Alaska, USA, during 1989–1993 and 2002–2003. Daily survival probability of scaup nests, as well as nests of all other duck species, varied with year, date, and nest habitat. Daily survival probability was unrelated to nest age and distance from the nest to water. Average, year-specific nest survival of all ducks at Minto Flats was 0.11 (95% CI: 0.05 to 0.22), comparable to nest survival of ducks breeding in mid-continent regions (i.e., the prairie pothole region and the Canadian prairie-parklands). Nest survival of scaup was variable among years, ranging from 0.01 (95% CI: 0.00 to 0.06) in 1992 to 0.61 (95% CI: 0.50 to 0.74) in 1993 and was probably related to variation in predation risk and water levels. Scaup production could have been limited by low nest survival during most years of this study; nest survival exceeded 20% only in 1993 and 2002. Because of the high densities of breeding scaup and other waterfowl species at Minto Flats, we recommend management to maintain existing habitat for breeding scaup and other duck species. This management could be most effectively informed by yearly monitoring of production to more accurately understand spatial and temporal variation in recruitment and to identify potential effects of proposed oil and gas exploration on recruitment of ducks at Minto Flats.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".