Exposure to Model-Scale Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent Affects Circulating Sex Steroids in Rainbow Trout
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Reproductive steroids were assessed in immature rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after 21-day exposures to 10% primary or 100% secondary-treated model-scale sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent. Plasma testosterone was elevated over 4-fold in rainbow trout exposed to 10% primary model STP effluent and 100% secondary model STP effluent, and 1.7-fold and 2.5-fold in trout exposed in the following years, 2 and 3, respectively. Exposure to the positive control compound, 17β-estradiol (100 ng/L), raised plasma estradiol concentrations of exposed trout, but had few effects on plasma testosterone concentrations. There was no induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity by any treatment, but liver-somatic indices were elevated in year-1 fish exposed to 10% primary or 100% secondary-treated model STP effluent. The results show that exposure to this model STP effluent can increase circulating testosterone concentrations. The rainbow trout 21-day test proved to be a simple bioassay that holds promise for onsite assessments of effluents.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".