Inductively powered arbitrary-waveform adaptive-supply electro-optical neurostimulator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A hybrid current-mode and optogenetic miniature neurostimulating system is presented. The 16-channel electrical stimulator outputs arbitrary-waveform charge-balanced current-mode stimulation pulses with the amplitude ranging from 0.05mA to 10mA. To optimize power consumption, the supply voltage is automatically adjusted through an impedance monitoring feedback loop that gauges the minimum required headroom voltage. The 8-channel optogenetic stimulator reuses the arbitrary-waveform generation functions of the electrical stimulator. Each pulse-generator drives one LED with a maximum of 25mA. The LEDs are assembled within a custom-made 4×4 ECoG grid electrode array, which enables precise optical stimulation of neurons with a 300μm spatial resolution and simultaneous monitoring of the neural response by the ECoG electrode, at different distances of the stimulation site. The implantable system is a 3×2.5×1 cm3 stack of a receiver coil and two mini-boards. The power is received by a 32-layer flexible inductive coil and is regulated by the wireless communication board. The adaptive neurostimulator board boosts the regulated voltage up to the level set by the feedback loop with a maximum of 24V. The system also receives stimulation parameters wirelessly from the amplitude-shift-keyed power carrier. Both electrical and optogenetic stimulation results from chronic and acute in vivo rodent experiments are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".