A lightweight discrete biphasic current stimulator for rodent deep brain stimulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a miniaturized discrete system for long-term biphasic deep brain stimulation (DBS) with independently programmable anodic and cathodic currents and pulse widths, frequency, pulse order and interpulse interval. It features a single current source and an H-bridge for setting current direction. The single source allows good charge balance, limiting DC current to under 50 nA which is further reduced to below 1 nA by electrode shorting. Voltage compliance is limited to 12 V. The device along with battery power supply weighs 2.3 g. The system is highly customizable, permitting tradeoff between voltage compliance and the range, resolution and accuracy of currents and between power consumption and temporal resolution with minimal hardware modification. Based on average current consumption and nominal battery capacity, the stimulator can provide 300 μA, 130 Hz, 100 μs symmetric biphasic stimulation with an 11.5 V compliance for 14 days. Design details, characterization measurements and experimental data comparing the stimulator to a benchtop device in an anesthetized rat are presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".