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Record W2183769462

Afganistán y la crisis pakistaní

2008· book· es· W2183769462 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Mariano Aguirre

Bibliographic record

VenueVirtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · 2008
Typebook
Languagees
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicPolitics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPolitical scienceHumanitiesPhilosophy
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

La OTAN y EEUU reclaman un aumento de fuerzas para la guerra en Afganistan, pero es necesario evaluar si las unicas opciones son enviar mas soldados o retirarse. Ante este requerimiento, diversos expertos consideran que se precisa revisar la estrategia militar, utilizar mejor las politicas de desarrollo, ayudar a que el gobierno afgano pueda gestionar bien los fondos que recibe, estar abiertos a negociar con los insurgentes y situar la guerra de Afganistan en el contexto regional, particularmente en relacion a Pakistan. El asesinato de Benazir Bhutto subraya esta necesidad. El debate sobre aportar mas fuerzas o retirarse es intenso en Canada, Holanda y Alemania. EEUU y la OTAN piden a Espana, Alemania y otros paises que tambien fl exibilicen las reglas para entrar con mas facilidad en combate. Espana tiene alrededor de 700 efectivos en la menos peligrosa zona norte. Segun Naciones Unidas, una quinta parte del territorio es altamente insegura para operar. La OTAN y EEUU no controlan gran parte del pais. Menos aun el gobierno afgano, cuyo alcance real no va mas alla de Kabul. Los taliban y diversos grupos armados no tienen el control total de los territorios inseguros, pero impiden que las fuerzas internacionales afi rmen su posicion. Los insurgentes usan ataques suicidas y bombas en los caminos. La OTAN y EEUU utilizan frecuentemente ataques aereos, antes de entrar en combate por tierra, que provocan bajas civiles y generan un resentimiento que alimenta a una insurgencia multiple en la que se mezclan el Islam radical, el narcotrafi co, la identidad tribal y el patrimonialismo local. El comentarista britanico Simon Jenkins sintetiza en The Guardian que los aliados no tienen “una mision realista ni objetivos que puedan alcanzarse, como tampoco una estrategia de largo plazo, sino solamente la inutil persecucion del fracaso”. EEUU y sus aliados esperan que el ejercito y la corrupta policia afgana cumplan mas misiones, pero faltan efectivos profesionales y un aparato judicial. El gobierno de Karzai y sus representantes son acusados de corrupcion y de no proteger a las cada vez mas amenazadas mujeres con cargos publicos.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.169
Threshold uncertainty score0.336

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0060.002
Scholarly communication0.0040.002
Open science0.0000.002
Research integrity0.0020.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0120.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.019
GPT teacher head0.270
Teacher spread0.251 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2008
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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