Removal of Nickel from Aqueous Solution by Nano Hydroxyapatite Originated from Persian Gulf Corals
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel adsorbent, nano crystalline Hydroxyapatite (nano HAp), was synthesized from Persian Gulf coral by a hydrothermal method in order to remove nickel ions from aqueous solutions. Primary powder was characterized using XRD, FTIR and SEM. Also the powder surface area was determined by BET. The influence of different adsorption parameters, such as initial concentration of metal ion, contact time, adsorbent dosage and the temperature on the adsorption amounts of Ni 2+ ions were studied. Nickel uptake was quantitatively evaluated using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich (DKR) models. In addition, the equilibrium removal process of nickel ions by the nano HAp was described well with the Langmuir isotherm model, resulting in the maximum adsorption capacity of 2.278 mg/g of Ni 2+ ions on nano HAp. The results of the thermodynamic and kinetic investigations indicated that the adsorption reactions were spontaneous (ΔG◦ 0) and the pseudo second order model fitted better the adsorption kinetics of Ni 2+ on HAp.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.042 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it