INVESTIGATIONS ON THE PHOTOLYSIS OF IMAZETHAPYR IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS UNDER DIRECT SUNLIGHT BY HPLC UV AND LC-MS/MS-ESI - APPLICATIONS OF GREEN ALGA AS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER Research Article
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Photolysis of Imazethapyr was studied in Milli-Q water, in acidic (pH 5.0), neutral (pH 7.0) and basic (pH 7.0) buffer solutions at two concentration levels 1.0 µg/ml and 2.0 µg/ml under direct sunlight. Aliquots of water samples were collected, filtered and analysed by HPLC-UV detection at different predetermined intervals. The results showed a limit of quantification (LOQ) 0.01 µg/ml and the recovery was 96 to 105%. The degradation of Imazethapyr under direct sunlight was considerably more rapid than hydrolysis in dark with a half-life of 2.2, 2.4 and 2.6 days for acidic, neutral and basic buffer solutions respectively. The estimated DT 50 value of Imazethapyr in hydrolysis study was 22.7 days in acidic, 24.5 days in neutral and 26.4 days in basic buffer solutions. The dissipation followed first order kinetics. The influence of cations - Fe2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Zn2+and anions - SO 4 2-, Cl-, ClO 4 -, CO 3 -, HCO 3 - and aeration of oxygen was studied. Major photo transformation products were identified in water using liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS-ESI). The data was compared with similar hydrolysis study conducted at 25°C. The impact of residues if any, present in the aqueous samples after the quantitative indication of residues to below the detectable level was studied by alga bioassay test. Residues dissipated to below detectable level on 15th day. The growth inhibition at this occasion was 65%. Observations on 40th
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".