Availability and Pricing of ENERGY STAR Room Air Conditioners
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many appliance market transformation programs offer customer incentives in order to promote the purchase of ENERGY STAR ® room air conditioners (RACs). Because sales of RAC units are highly seasonal, it is important to understand seasonal availability and its potential effects on pricing. This research stemmed from the observation that the market share of ENERGY STAR-labeled RACs is typically higher in the third quarter of the year than in the second quarter. One hypothesis was that this trend may be due to consumers selecting cheaper non-ENERGY STAR models when they are available at the beginning of the summer season, and more expensive ENERGY STAR models toward the end of the season when the alternative non-ENERGY STAR models are sold out. Hence the research team collected price and feature information on models available at Massachusetts retailers in May and August of 2004. A regression analysis performed on these data found that the ENERGY STAR label adds about $39 to the price of a RAC unit, and that, overall, units sold in the third quarter have a price discount of about $16. However, the price difference between ENERGY STAR and non-ENERGY STAR models does not substantially differ from one quarter to another. Hence retailers do not appear to be “gaming” the incentives offered by program sponsors, which are only available during the second quarter. In addition, program incentive levels ($25 in 2004) appear to be reasonable, representing about two-thirds of the incremental cost of an ENERGY STAR model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".