Designing Affordable Homes and Communities with Passive Solar Considerations in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Energy saving measures and technologies are commonly left out during the design of North American affordable housing. The prevailing assumption is that they are costly and, as a result, builders and homebuyers will not be willing to pay for them. In their research and design of low-rise, wood-frame, market sector housing, the authors demonstrated that when simple design measures are taken, substantial energy savings can be achieved with a marginal cost increase. The thrust of their conceptual approach is the argument that design for passive solar gain in community planning and dwelling design are compatible with cost reduction design strategies. By simplifying the dwelling shape (i.e. eliminating corners) energy savings were achieved. Reducing the unit's area also contributed to energy reduction. Since heat rises, floor stacking helped with lowering energy consumption in upper floors. Creating an open plan enabled the air to circulate freely between levels. The joining of units to form a row reduced the facade area. Orienting a large number of blocks of units towards the south, minimizing opening on the North elevation helped with passive solar gain. The above measures contributed to the reduction of consumption by 28%. The authors demonstrated these design strategies in seven private sector housing projects in the city of Regina, the province of Saskatchewan's capital. Considered the sunniest city in Canada, the authors implemented these principles on large new developments, as well as single units. In their paper the authors will outline these principles and demonstrate their application in particular projects and designs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".