The Effectiveness of Desensitization Therapy for Individuals with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Authors: Kira L, Donnelly, SPT; Lauryn M. Helmers, SPT; Olivia M. Verberne, SPT; Roger J. Allen, PT, PhD\nTitle: The Effectiveness of Desensitization Therapy for Individuals with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review\nPurpose: Systematically review evidence supporting the use of desensitization therapy to treat Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS).\nSubjects: This systematic review evaluated 10 studies from peer-reviewed journals fitting research criteria.\nMaterials/Methods: Databases were searched between Mar and Aug of 2014 with the following search terms: complex regional pain syndrome, CRPS, allodynia, desensitization, neuropathic pain, physical therapy, tactile desensitization, pressure desensitization, hydrotherapy, physiotherapy, capsaicin and somatosensory.\nResults: Initial search yielded 42 articles with 10 fitting inclusion/exclusion criteria. Articles were evaluated with the STROBE scale and organized by desensitization type: chemical, tactile, thermal and pressure desensitization. Outcome measures varied, including assessing functional use, pressure tolerance and pain tolerance.\nConclusions: Despite lacking a standard desensitization protocol, research suggests implementing desensitization by selecting the proper somatosensory modality and using a graded protocol in order to reduce allodynia.\nClinical Relevance: Desensitization is often a component of a multifaceted treatment approach for patients with CRPS, which is difficult to isolate within research. To make solid conclusions about desensitization efficacy, studies need to isolate desensitization as a treatment using larger numbers of subjects with CRPS with clear, controlled and replicable protocols. Given current research limitations, existing evidence is promising for continued utilization of graded desensitization therapy for individuals with CRPS.\nKeywords: desensitization, complex regional pain syndrome, allodynia, tactile desensitization, pressure desensitization, hydrotherapy, capsaicin, physical therapy
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".