'Nodophagy'
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Autophagy is a homeostatic pathway that processes and recycles damaged organelles and other cytoplasmic contents. While studies have implicated autophagy in the immune response to infection, the understanding of how the autophagic machinery specifically targets intracellular pathogens has remained elusive. Two recent studies have uncovered an autophagy-mediated immune response to bacteria through their detection by Nod receptors. In particular, Nod1 and Nod2 recruit the autophagic protein ATG16L1 to the plasma membrane at the bacterial entry site to promote an autophagy-dependent elimination of bacteria. In addition, Nod2 and ATG16L1 synergize to initiate an adaptive immune response to bacterial invasion by enhancing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen presentation. These findings link two Crohn disease-associated susceptibility genes and reveal that cells expressing the risk-associated variants of ATG16L1 are defective in autophagy-mediated bacterial handling and antigen presentation. This could lead to bacterial persistence and contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".