Study of Corrosion and Inhibition of Carbon Steel in CO2 Containing Natural Gas at High Temperature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Inline Inspection (ILI) data indicated that corrosion has taken place inside the pipeline transporting the wet natural gas containing CO2 at very high temperature. The corrosion inhibitor at the injection rate of 0.47 Liter per MMSCFT (One Pint per MMSCFT) was injected into the pipeline to protect carbon steel from corrosion. The corrosion modeling results showed very high corrosion rate under the operating conditions. The severity of corrosion inside the pipeline detected by ILI was much lower than the corrosion prediction modeling results. The finding in this study showed the passivation film formed under the operating conditions at very high temperature reduced the general corrosion rate. However, addition of the corrosion inhibitor to the testing autoclaves reduced its protection, and increased corrosion rate. A corrosion inhibitor that is compatible with the passivation film is required to protect the pipeline. This study demonstrated how the laboratory data have supported the corrosion mitigation program for a field operation through exploring the mechanism of high temperature CO2 corrosion of carbon steel in a low total dissolved solids (TDS) brine
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".