Bibliographic record
Abstract
The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.), though native of Brazil, has acclimatized well in India. Cashew was introduced to India by Portuguese travellers during 16th Century for afforestation and soil conservation purpose. In India, cashew is grown along the coastal regions mainly in Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka and Kerala in the West Coast and Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal in the east coast. With the establishment of All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Cashew, Its cultivation has also been extended in non-traditional areas such as Bastar region of Chhattisgarh and Kolar (Plains) region of Karnataka, Gujarat, Jharkhand and in NEH region. India is the first country in the world to exploit the international trade of cashew kernels in the early part of 20th Century. India exports 1.312 lakh tonnes of cashew kernels per annum to over 65 countries and is a leading trader for over a century. The major countries that import Indian cashew are United States of America, Netherlands, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Japan, France, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Russia, Germany, Canada and Greece. Globally, India's share in the cashew area and production is 20 per cent and 16 per cent, respectively. During the year 2012–13, total production of cashew in the country was 7.28 lakh tonnes from 9.82 lakh ha of land with a productivity of 772 kg/ha. The productivity is almost standstill over the few years. This needs introspection to identify the gaps and sharpen our approaches to meet the needs of future.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".