Disassortative pollen transfer in distylous Palicourea padifolia (Rubiaceae), a hummingbird-pollinated shrub
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Distylous polymorphisms represent a useful model system for studying the functioning of flower morphology because floral morphs have reciprocal flower developmental pathways and co-occur in the same environment such that they share the same pollinators. Distylous plants typically display both reciprocal herkogamy and a heteromorphic incompatibility system, which allows mating only between morphs. In this paper, we document morphspecific patterns in floral morphology and pollen receipt of Palicourea padifolia, a hummingbird-pollinated shrub. Floral traits typically associated with the functioning of distyly, reciprocal herkogamy, and population morph ratios of flowering individuals from 10 populations were measured and quantified. Pollen receipt on stigmas of the same measured flowers was then used to determine the effectiveness of distyly in promoting disassortative pollen transfer. Pollen of long-styled flowers was more effective in reaching legitimate stigmas, while short-styled morphs were more successful in the reception of legitimate pollen across populations. Variation in pollen receipt across populations was not explained by reciprocal herkogamy, which typically promotes legitimate pollination. Natural pollination resulting in a higher proportion of legitimate pollen in short-styled flowers increased with stigma–anther separation (promotion of outcross pollination) and width of corolla entrance (avoidance of self-pollination).Nomenclature: Taylor, 1989; 1993; 1997; Burger & Taylor, 1993.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it