Tuberculosis infection in an Aboriginal (First Nations) population of Canada.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The incidence of active tuberculosis (TB) among the Cree, an Aboriginal population of Canada, is dropping, but it remains three times that of the general population. We analyzed data from tuberculin skin test (TST) surveys to determine estimates of prevalence of infection and annual risk of infection (ARI) in this population. METHODS: TST surveys targeting 12-year-old students were conducted annually from 1993 to 1998. Students with no record of previous positive TST (> or = 10 mm) were offered TST (5 TU PPD-T). Data collected included result of previous TST reading for all students, readings of TSTs performed (mm induration) and BCG (bacille Calmette-Guérin) vaccination status for those positive on TST. RESULTS: A total of 1274 children were screened (participation rate 94%). TST reaction size frequency distribution plots a bimodal curve. The prevalence of infection among 12 year olds was 15.3% over this period. ARI estimates range from 0.6 to 2.4% (average ARI 1.4%). A significant downward linear trend in ARI was observed over the period (P < 0.001). DISCUSSION: Calculated ARI may be over-estimated due to prior BCG vaccination; however, the trend in ARI confirms decreasing transmission of TB infection. Better knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence among pregnant women is needed to complete the evaluation of the BCG program.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".