Abstract 18590: The Underutilization of Guideline Recommended Antihypertensive Agents is Associated with a High Prevalence of Uncontrolled Hypertension in Urban Community Dwelling Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite numerous medication options and clear clinical practice guidelines (JNC 7), uncontrolled HTN disproportionately affects the elderly population. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that blood pressure (BP) control in adult seniors may be affected by their prescribed antihypertensive medication regimen. Methods: Adults 59-99 years old from two New York City boroughs were enrolled in the NHLBI-funded Cardiovascular Health of Seniors and the Built Environment Study from 2009 to 2011 (n=1,453). At the baseline visit, participants brought their medications and had three BP measurements performed. The average of the 2 nd and 3 rd measurements was recorded. Uncontrolled HTN was defined as a measured BP greater than 140/90 mmHg. Medications were grouped by class including thiazide diuretics, beta blockers (BB), calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin II converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB). All other agents were grouped together. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 68.7%. Hypertension increased with age, affected more women (71%) compared to men (61%); and was higher among African Americans (75%) compared to Whites (63%) or Hispanics (63%). Nearly 70% of the hypertensive participants were treated with at least one medication, but in those with uncontrolled BPs (41%), only 65% were prescribed an antihypertensive agent. CCBs were prescribed most frequently (23%) followed by BBs (21%), ACEIs (17%), ARBs (17%), thiazide diuretics (14%), and second line agents (7%). Thiazide diuretics remained the least prescribed first line drug class regardless of underlying comorbidities (diabetes, heart disease, renal disease) or BP control. Conclusions: Despite longstanding consensus recommendations, more than a third of participants with uncontrolled HTN in our cohort were not prescribed any antihypertensive medication. Further, thiazide diuretics were prescribed less often than any other first line agent, contrary to the JNC 7 guidelines. Increased attention to the guideline recommended prescription of antihypertensives may have a beneficial population level effect on uncontrolled hypertension.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".