Estimating fatigue design load for overhead steel sign support structures under truck-induced wind pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experimental results of the truck-induced wind gust pressure were used as the basis to develop the equivalent static truck-induced wind pressure for fatigue design in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). The development does not explicitly quantify the stress range distribution, nor does the development discuss the implied reliability. No recommendation is given to consider truck-induced pressure for fatigue design in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC). This study quantifies the stress range due to truck traffic, and calibrates the equivalent static truck-induced wind pressure for fatigue design of overhead steel sign support structures. The reliability-based calibration is focused on the CHBDC. For the vertical excitations, the calibrated pressure is less than 50% of that suggested in the AASHTO. For the horizontal excitations, the calibrated pressure can be greater or smaller than that for the site-dependent natural wind gusts. Therefore, the truck-induced horizontal wind pressure could govern the fatigue design for some sites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".