Sleep Fragmentation, Cerebral Arteriolosclerosis, and Brain Infarct Pathology in Community-Dwelling Older People
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although several forms of sleep disruption are associated with stroke, few studies have examined the relationship between sleep and histopathologic measures of cerebrovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that greater sleep fragmentation is associated with a higher burden of cerebral vessel and infarct pathology at autopsy. METHODS: We used ordinal logistic regression models to relate sleep fragmentation measured by actigraphy to the severity of arteriolosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and the number of macroscopic and microscopic infarcts assessed by structured brain autopsy in 315 participants from the Rush Memory and Aging Project. RESULTS: Greater sleep fragmentation was associated with more severe arteriolosclerosis (odds ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.59; P=0.03 per 1 SD greater sleep fragmentation) and more subcortical macroscopic infarcts (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.68; P=0.04). These associations were independent of established cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, and several medical comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep fragmentation is associated with arteriolosclerosis and subcortical infarcts in older adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".