Genetic Variation Among Different Indian Populations of Cabbage Diamondback Moth ( Plutella xylostella ; Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Based on Mitochondrial DNA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plutella xylostella (L.), commonly known as diamondback moth, is one of the most widely distributed and serious pests of cruciferous crops across the world. To examine the pattern and magnitude of genetic variation in this species in India, a fragment of the mitochondrial (mt) Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I ( COXI ) gene of P. xylostella collected from thirteen provinces in India, spanning a geographic area of ~ 12250000 km 2 , was sequenced. Sequence analysis of the 658 bp mt COXI gene from 13 populations resulted in 9 haplotypes, of which 5 populations clustered to form a haplotype group. Among these populations, 11 polymorphic sites were observed, of which 5 were transitional and 6 were of transversional substitution. Phylogenetic analysis in comparison with nucleotide sequences of other countries obtained from GenBank showed that all the populations were highly interrelated. From a geographical perspective, high rates of migration between Indian populations suggest that dispersal of gene flow over considerable distances is a major factor in the development of genetic variability in the species. Nevertheless, we believe that these variations are induced by local selection pressure in insecticide usage, host strain variation and cultural practices. Our study has revealed that Indian populations of P. xylostella are not homogeneous and use of DNA barcoding with more suitable markers can resolve the issues related to the demography of the species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".