Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study we determined the historical trend of both natural and anthropogenic sources of mercury deposition as preserved in anoxic estuarine sediments of the Ala Wai Canal, an estuary situated within a heavily urbanized area of Honolulu. Analysis of sediments from the Ala Wai Canal revealed that the total mercury content is highest at the Ala Wai Yacht Harbor (0.054-2.810 ug/g) and decreases exponentially toward the most distal portion of the canal (0.009-0.237 ug/g). In contrast, the mercury content of soil and stream samples taken from the central Honolulu watershed ranges from only 0.001 to 0.058 ug/g. This pattern suggests tidal transport of mercury into the canal from the Ala Wai Yacht Harbor. A chronological analysis of core samples shows a peak in mercury concentrations in the late 1950s, which corresponds to the use of antifouling paints on boats in the harbor and is the probable source of the majority of the mercury found in the Ala Wai Canal. High mercury accumulation ends in the early 1970s in two of the cores investigated, suggesting that antifouling paint-based accumulation ceased rapidly after the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ban. An exception is noted in a comparatively smaller peak coincident with 1986, the last year of a 3-yr intense fire-fountaining period of the ongoing Pu'u '0'o eruption of nearby Kilauea Volcano.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.986 | 0.988 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".