Quality Risks Associated with the Utilization of Fusarium Head Blight Infected Malting Barley
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB) has adversely affected the quality of barley grown in the northern Great Plains of the United States and the eastern Prairie Provinces of Canada since 1993. Objectives of this study were to document the occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) on barley within North Dakota and Minnesota, investigate relationships among FHB, DON, and malt quality, and to determine at what level FHB/DON-contaminated barley can be safely utilized for the production of quality malt. Since 1993, mean DON levels have ranged from 10.3 to 0.4 μg/g, with a corresponding 81 to 32% of the regional barley crop in excess of 0.5 μg/g. Strong relationships were not observed between either kernel size or kernel weight and DON. As a consequence, cleaning is unlikely to achieve significant reductions in DON levels in most cases. In terms of barley and malt quality, the strongest relationships were observed between barley DON and malt DON and malt DON and wort color. However, malt DON levels could not be reliably predicted from barley at <1.0 μg/g. Barley with a DON level of <1.0 μg/g produced acceptable malt.RESUMENEl destrozo de la cabeza de Fusarium (FHB) ha afectado adversamente la calidad de la cebada cultivada en los Grandes Llanos norteños de Estados Unidos y las Praderas Provinciales del este de Canadá desde 1993. Los objetivos de este estudio eran documentar la ocurrencia de deoxinivalenol (DON) en cebada dentro Dakota Norte y Minnesota, investigar relaciones entre FHB, DON, y calidad de malta, y determinar hasta que nivel puede ser utilizada con seguridad la cebada contaminada con FHB/DON en la producción de malta de calidad. Desde 1993, el nivel medio de DON se ha extendido de 10.3 a 0.4 μg/g, con el correspondiente 81 a 32% de la cosecha regional de cebada en exceso de 0.5 μg/g. Relaciones fuertes no fueron observadas entre el tamaño de grano, peso de grano y DON. Por consiguiente, es poco probable que la limpieza alcance reducciones significativas de niveles de DON en la mayoría de los casos. En términos de calidad de cebada y malta, las relaciones más fuertes fueron observadas entre DON de cebada y DON de malta y DON de malta y color de mosto. Sin embargo, los niveles de DON en malta no se pudieron predecir seguramente en cebada con <1.0 μg/g. La cebada con un nivel de DON <1.0 μg/g produjo malta aceptable.KeywordsAssortmentCluster analysisDeoxynivalenolKernel weightMalt qualityMycotoxinPalabras clave: Análisis de grupoCalidad de maltaDeoxinivalenolMicotoxinaPeso de granoSurtido
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it