Gregarious growth versus colonial habit in the rugose coral family Geyerophyllidae Minato, 1955
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The family Geyerophyllidae Minato, 1955 includes corals having clinotabulae, lonsdaleoid dissepiments and a variable complex axial structure formed as an extension of the cardinal septum. Included in the family are four genera originally considered to have a colonial (fasciculate) growth habit - Carniaphyllum Heritsch, Carinthiaphyllum Heritsch, Lonsdaleoides Heritsch, and Darwasophyllum Pyzhyanov. More recent studies and a review of the type specimens of Carniaphyllum, Carinthiaphyllum and Lonsdaleoides have shown them to be solitary corals with a gregarious growth habit. In its original description and in all subsequent works, Darwasophyllum has consistently been referred to as a fasciculate coral, but the presence of offsets has not been illustrated in the genus and a colonial growth habit has not been clearly demonstrated. Early Serpukhovian specimens of Darwasophyllum from the Etherington Formation (Mississippian) in Canada were initially regarded as fasciculate colonies with long, sub-parallel, closely spaced corallites. When they were studied in detail by means of serial sections, however, these corals were found to be solitary individuals grouped into gregaria, without shared structures or offsets. Thus, true colonies are unknown in the Geyerophyllidae and all genera described as colonial in that family consist of gregarious, solitary corals.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it