Explicit FEA and Constitutive Modelling of Damage and Fracture in Polycrystalline Ice - Simulations of Ice Loads on Offshore Structures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Finite Element Analyses (FEA) of ice interactions with offshore structures, the constitutive material model for the behaviour of ice becomes a critical factor to accurately calculate maximum ice loads. Cracking activity is an integral part of the interaction process and it can be modelled using a hybrid approach of constitutive modelling of ice behaviour and explicit numerical solution1. In this paper, a brief summary for the constitutive model, damage formulation, failure criterion, and numerical solution is presented. The subject of how both micro and macro cracks are modelled and used in the simulations of typical ice-structure interaction problems (and subsequently to calculate maximum ice loads) is discussed in the light of the results of two different examples. The 1st example is a numerical simulation of an ice sheet (100 by 60 by 0.5 m) impacting a large fixed concrete structure (120 by 40 by 40 m) in the Belle Isle Strait (BIS), Newfoundland, Canada. The 2nd second example, however, is a simulation of a cylindrical rigid indentor impacting an ice block (10 by 2 by 2 m) at high speed. The results from both examples are discussed in the light of the 'damage and fracture' formulation of the present constitutive model and failure criterion for ice. Conclusions and recommendations for future work are provided.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".