ROAD DENSITY AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON WILDLIFE SPECIES SUCH AS AMERICAN MOOSE IN MAINLAND NOVA SCOTIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Habitat conversion, degradation and fragmentation, and the introduction of exotic species are among the primary factors causing the loss of biodiversity. Road density is a valuable indicator of these anthropogenic factors. Deleterious biological effects extend more than 1000 metres from roads, and road density of 0.6 km/km2 has been identified as an apparent threshold value above which natural populations of certain large vertebrates decline. Road density assessments in Nova Scotia indicate that many areas exceed this threshold. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicate relationships between road density, moose pellet distribution, and habitat suitability values. Road density has a statistically significant negative correlation with moose pellets, such that as road density increases, the probability of moose pellet presence decreases. Road density alone and road density in combination with habitat suitability index values predict the presence of moose pellets, whereas habitat suitability values alone do not. Thus, road density may be an indicator of moose habitat selection or effectiveness in mainland Nova Scotia. Biodiversity conservation activities in Nova Scotia and elsewhere could focus on discouraging further road densities above 0.6 km/km2; protecting remaining roadless and low road density areas; minimizing new road construction, especially in natural areas; decommissioning and regenerating old logging roads; increasing buffer zones between natural areas and roads; and providing road crossings for wildlife in the form of under and overpasses.La conversion, la dégradation et la fragmentation des habitats ainsi que l’introduction d’espèces exotiques figurent parmi les principaux facteurs responsables de la réduction de la biodiversité. La densité routière est un indicateur précieux de ces facteurs anthropiques. Des effets biologiques négatifs se font sentir à plus de 1 000 mètres des routes, et il semble qu’une densité routière de 0,6 km/km2 constitue un seuil au-dessus duquel les populations naturelles de certains gros vertébrés diminuent. En Nouvelle-Écosse, la densité routière dépasse ce seuil dans plusieurs régions. Des analyses de régression logistique multivariée révèlent des relations entre la densité routière, la répartition des excréments d’orignaux et les valeurs de qualité de l’habitat. Il existe une corrélation négative significative entre la densité routière et les excréments d’orignaux, l’augmentation de la densité routière réduisant la probabilité de la présence d’excréments. La densité routière seule et la densité routière combinée aux valeurs de l’indice de qualité de l’habitat permettent de prévoir la présence d’excréments d’orignaux, tandis que les valeurs de qualité de l’habitat seules ne peuvent le faire. Par conséquent, la densité routière peut être un indicateur du choix ou de l’utilité de l’habitat pour l’orignal dans la partie continentale de la Nouvelle-Écosse. Dans cette province et ailleurs, les activités de conservation de la biodiversité pourraient mettre l’accent sur le maintien de la densité routière à moins de 0,6 km/km2, sur la protection des zones sans route et à faible densité routière, sur la réduction de la construction de nouvelles routes, en particulier dans les régions naturelles, sur la mise hors-service et la restauration des vieux chemins d’exploitation forestière, sur l’augmentation des zones tampons entre les régions naturelles et les routes et sur l’aménagement de traversées routières (tunnels et viaducs) pour les animaux sauvages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".