PSA screening rate and prostate cancer mortality reduction in the province of Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1023 Background: The present study analyzes the rates of decrease in CaP mortality in each region of the Province of Quebec as a function of PSA testing. Methods: : Mortality data obtained from the provincial death registry were analyzed to identify the prostate cancer death rates in the whole Province between 1991 and 2002 as well as in each region and in the two largest metropolitan areas, namely Montreal and Quebec City. CaP specific death rates and PSA testing rates were age-standardized to the 1991 Canadian population aged 40 years and above and are expressed per 100,000 men and as percent of the studied population, respectively. The annual variation in CaP mortality was fitted to a region-specific mono-exponential model. The correlation between the decline in CaP mortality and PSA screening is analyzed using the rates of PSA screening reported in the 2001 Canadian Communities Health Survey. Results: In the whole Province, the CaP mortality rate dropped from 70.1 (cv=3.5%) to 47.5 (cv=3.6%) between 1991 and 2002,thus showing a statistically significant total decrease of 32% over 11 years that corresponds to a rate of 3.1%/year in the whole Province, ranging from 0.6 to 5.5%/year. The magnitude of the decrease ranged from 21% to 49% according to regions. The provincial age-adjusted rate of routine/screening PSA testing was 37.1% (SE=0.8%), ranging from 28.1% (SE=1.8%) to 39.5% (SE=2.9%) in the regions. PSA testing and CaP mortality reduction are positively correlated (p=0.005) so that a 10% increase in the rate of PSA testing translated into a 4% further decease in the annual rate of CaP mortality. Conclusions: There is a strongly positive and highly significant relationship between the rate of routine/screening PSA testing in each region and the rate of decrease in CaP mortality achieved in the corresponding regions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".