Histopathology of <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> infection and oxalic acid function in susceptible and resistant soybean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The success of the necrotrophic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is largely dependent on its major virulence factor, oxalic acid ( OA ). Virulence is lost in transgenic plants that express OA degrading enzymes, e.g. oxalate oxidase (OxO). The histopathology of S . sclerotiorum infection and OA accumulation was examined in a transgenic soybean line over‐expressing OxO (OxO‐ OE ) and its isogenic parent ( WT ). In situ flower inoculation showed that the OxO‐ OE plants were highly resistant to the pathogen while the WT parents were susceptible. This difference in resistance was not apparent in the floral tissues, as aggressive hyphal activity was similar on both hosts, showing that high OxO activity and low OA accumulation in OxO‐ OE was not a deterrent. However, the process of fungal infection on excised leaf tissue differed on the two hosts. Primary lesions developed and showed similar severe ultrastructural damage on both hosts but rapid lesion expansion (colonization) proceeded only on the WT , concomitant with OA accumulation. Oxalic acid rose in OxO‐ OE 1 day post‐inoculation and did not change over the following 3 days, showing that colonization can be blocked by maintaining low levels of OA . However, OxO degradation of OA did not deter initial host penetration and primary lesion formation. This shows that OA , the major virulence factor of S. sclerotiorum , is critical for host colonization but may not be required during primary lesion formation, suggesting that other factors are contributing to the establishment of the primary lesion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".