Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Innu are the indigenous peoples of the Labrador-Quebec peninsula. With- in the last forty years they were coerced by the Canadian authorities to end permanent nomadic hunting in favour of sedentary life in villages in Labrador and Quebec. One of the principal means used to induce them to accept these drastic changes to their way of life has been schooling. In this essay, I examine the history of Innu experiences with imposed education in the two Innu com- munities in Labrador—Sheshatshiu and Utshimassits or Davis Inlet. Although there have been some bright moments, most Innu have had almost entirely negative experiences with schools and teachers. They have been physically and sexually abused by priests and teachers and made to feel ashamed of their Innu identity. More recently, as a corrective to past insensitivities, the school has introduced 'culture days', which, it is argued, merely parody and simulate the Innu way of life. Attempts by the Innu leadership to gain control over the education have been frustrated at every turn by the Canadian authorities and to date they are left with what the president of Innu Nation called, 'empty prom- ises.' This article is based on work with the Innu since 1994, including a study of the Peenamin McKenzie school in Sheshatshiu in 1999.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.040 | 0.028 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".