Role of ERK1/2 in the crosstalk between the PDGF- and estrogen signalling pathways in neonatal testicular gonocyte proliferation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gonocytes are the precursors of spermatogonial stem cells from which spermatozoa originate. We have shown that neonatal rat gonocytes proliferate in response to the combined action of PDGF and 17β-estradiol (E2). The xenoestrogens Bisphenol A and genistein, previously shown to alter the male reproductive system, stimulated gonocyte proliferation through crosstalk with the PDGF pathway in a manner similar to E2, while testosterone and progesterone did not affect gonocyte proliferation. Gonocytes expressed Raf1, MEK1, ERK1/2 and PI3K, and proliferated through ERK1/2 activation. PDGF and estrogen induced rapid ERK2 phosphorylation and their combination maintained activated ERK2 for 60 minutes, localized mainly in the cytosol. E2 induced a rapid increase of estrogen receptor β immunoreactivity in gonocyte cytosol. PDGF increased a cytosolic PDGFRβ signal, suggesting a role for the variant V1-PDGFRβ previously identified in gonocytes. These data suggest that PDGF and estrogen are required to maintain ERK2 activation which mediates gonocyte proliferation, and that estrogen exerts rapid non-genomic effects in gonocytes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".