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Record W2259048829

The Kyoto Protocol: Bad News for the Global Environment

2005· article· en· W2259048829 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueSSRN Electronic Journal · 2005
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicNuclear and radioactivity studies
Canadian institutionsQueen's University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsKyoto ProtocolGreenhouse gasClimate changeMontreal ProtocolConventionUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeInternational tradeGlobal warmingPolitical scienceEnvironmentalismNatural resource economicsAtmosphere (unit)Environmental lawEnvironmental protectionEnvironmental resource managementEnvironmental scienceBusinessGeographyEconomicsMeteorologyOzone layerLawPoliticsEcology
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The Kyoto Protocol will have little effect upon atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Even so, Kyoto and the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change could have established a path to solving the climate change problem. Unfortunately, they do not. Instead, they contain features that, if applied to future international environmental agreements, will make resolution of global environmental problems more difficult: Emission targets are expressed in terms of reductions, not limits; each party has a different target, in accordance with its differentiated responsibilities; the more pollution a country has produced in the past, the more lenient are its obligations; economic development is encouraged to the detriment of the global atmosphere; the objective is not the prevention of climate change, but its management; progress on climate change is proclaimed but not achieved. Kyoto is the latest in a series of international environmental first steps that are politically appealing but inadequate in form as well as substance.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.967
Threshold uncertainty score0.472

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.006
GPT teacher head0.230
Teacher spread0.224 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it