Re: Oculomotor nerve tumors masquerading as recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dear Editor-in-Chief, Cephalalgia We read with interest the report by Kim et al. of two cases of oculomotor nerve schwannoma that mimicked recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy (RPON), formerly known as ‘‘ophthalmoplegic migraine’’ (1). We recently published a case series of 10 patients with cranial nerve schwannomas that included two additional, previously unreported, cases of oculomotor nerve schwannoma mimicking RPON and an update on the first published case of this phenomenon (2,3). The authors stated that incomplete recovery from RPON should raise the possibility of a tumoral etiology (1). We wish to emphasize that schwannoma may be present even when recovery from RPON is complete. Also of interest is the fact that schwannomas may be found in painless relapsing ocular cranial nerve palsies (2). Because complete remission of symptoms, as present in our cases and initially in the authors’ cases, may occur, we suggest that schwannoma may be a more common mimicker of RPON than previously recognized and concur with the authors that serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are essential to distinguish schwannoma from other causes, such as presumed transient inflammation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.015 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".