Genetic parameters of height and diameter of interior spruce in British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Data from 406 open-pollinated interior spruce families selected from 3 selection units located in the East Kootenay, Prince George and Prince Rupert region of British Columbia (BC), Canada were used to estimate genetic parameters for cumulative height and diameter (DBH) at plantation ages up to 20 years. Variation among families in both traits was highly significant in all selection units and at all assessment ages, but the levels of genetic variability varied greatly among them. The estimates of individual, family, and within-family heritability for 15-year height ranged from 0.15 to 0.34,0.61 to 0.84, and 0.12 to 0.28, respectively, among selection units. The corresponding estimates for 20-year DBH varied from 0.10 to 0.23, 0.50 to 0.81, and 0.08 to 0.18, respectively. In all three selection units, temporal variation in individual, family and within-family heritabilities of height displayed parallel patterns and they all started at the highest values at age 3, decreased to the lowest at about age 10, and raised at age 15. Genetic correlation between height and diameter was always positive and impressively strong (>0.87 at age 15). The estimated coefficients of age-age genetic correlation in height fit the logarithmic relationships ( rA = a + b (LAR) and r, = a + b (LAR2)) very well (R2 > 0.94) in all selection units but the prediction models of age-age genetic correlation developed in the Prince Rupert selection unit were apparently different from the others. The optimum plantation ages for early selection were calculated to be 15 and 16 years for Prince Rupert selection unit using the LAR and LAR2 prediction model, respectively, and 7 years for both the East Kootenay and Prince George selection units using both models. Overall, the Lambeth model (rA = 1.02 + 0.308 (LAR)) developed based on phenotypic correlation of height in Pinaceae tends to underestimate the age-age genetic correlation in interior spruce in BC. Type-b genetic correlation between sites within East Kootenay and Prince George selection units was always positive and strong, but weak positive and even negative correlation was observed between sites in the Prince Rupert selection unit. This observation suggests that the first two selection units may need expansion while the third requires more regionalization for proper breeding and seed planning.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".