80ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY MEASUREMENT AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF DELIRIUM
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Delirium is a common acute neuropsychiatric syndrome seen in hospitalised older patients. It is associated with poor outcomes and presents with distinct motor subtypes. The pathophysiology of delirium is not well understood however cholinergic deficiency has been implicated. Reduced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity has been associated with delirium and inpatient mortality. We investigated the association between AChE activity with both clinical features of delirium and outcomes. Methods: Patients aged >70 were screened for delirium on admission to hospital and those meeting DSM-IV criteria for delirium were recruited. Patients had length of delirium, delirium subtype and delirium severity recorded. Mortality and new institutionalisation were recorded at 3 month follow up. Serum AChE activity was measured using a colorimetric assay from samples collected one day after hospital admission. AChE activity was expressed as a change in absorbance measured over 5 minutes (µmol/ml/min). Results: 87 patients were recruited of whom 55 (mean age 85.5 yrs ±6.15, 51.8% female) had blood samples taken and 49 had blood samples and full outcome data. The median AChE activity for the whole sample was 1.81 µmol/μml/min (IQR 1.55). The median length of delirium was 4 days (IQR 5) and hypoactive subtype was commonest (34 patients, 62%) while 12 (22%) had the hyperactive subtype and 9 (16%) the mixed subtype. Higher AChE activity was associated with an increased likelihood of the hypoactive subtype of delirium (OR = 1.77, CI 1.05-2.97, p = 0.031). No association was found between acetylcholinesterase activity and outcomes, including length of delirium, severity and mortality.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".