Consumption of trans fatty acids and risk to cardio-vascular health: the Aquitaine Study.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This report adresses firstly the controversy about possible health hazards of dietary trans fatty acids (TFA) stemmed from many studies performed since the 90's. Dietary TFA are supposed to increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). From the first data, a positive relationship was found between the energy intake from 9t-18:1 (range: 3.7 to 10.9%) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. This trans isomer, in some cases, can also lower HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Epidemiological studies on associations between TFA intake and risk of CHD are still not conclusive. Moreover, methods of assessing TFA intake have certain weak points. It would be desirable to combine dietary survey methods with biochemical indicators of long term fatty acid intake, such as the adipose tissue. Results of a French study are reported in the second part. The aims of this study were to assess the TFA intake in Aquitaine and to examine the relationship between the presence of TFA in adipose tissue and blood plasma, and LDL- and HDL-cholesterol concentrations in plasma of non-pregnant (n = 97) and pregnant (n = 90) women. Through dietary 7-days records, the mean TFA consumption was 2. 7 g/d/pers., which represented 1.3% of energy intake. The TFA level was 2.3 ± 0.5% of total fatty acids in adipose tissue. Based on the 18:1 trans content of adipose tissue, the population trans consumption was clearly lower than those of the other European countries, USA and Canada. The composition of adipose tissue TFA was analyzed relative to the dietary sources of TFA, ruminant fats and partially hydrogenated oils (PHVO). The Δ11t 18:1 isomer was the most prevalent in adipose tissue like in ruminant fats. Estimates of relative contribution to TFA intake were 60% from ruminant fats and 40% from PHVO. This pattern contrasts sharply with those established for Canada and the United States where PHVO is reported to be the major dietary source of TFA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".