Determinants of Off-Farm Labor Supply among Farming Households in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The study analyzes the various determinants of off-farm labor choice decision in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Primary data collected from 120 respondents were employed in the study and analyzed using the logistic regression model. Result of the socio-economic characteristics of respondents revealed the prevalence of female farmers (63.3%), majority which were married (50%) with average household size of eight persons. Majority were educated with average experience of eighteen years. The prevailing off-farm work typology and pattern in the study area were self-employment (50%) and part time engagement (63.3%). Result of the logistic regression revealed that farm size, household size, total annual off-farm income and educational attainment of respondents were the major determinants of off-farm labor choice decision in the study area. This informed the need to pursue policies that would enhance educational attainment in the study area, enhance and stabilize income in the off-farm sector as well as educating and enlightening rural households, especially women on the benefit of off-farm work and the creation of enabling environment in rural areas through infrastructure provision with view to reducing migration to urban areas in search of off-farm work as the way out.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it