Comparison of transmission efficiency of various isolates of <i>Potato virus Y</i> among three aphid vectors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract P otato virus Y ( PVY ) strains are transmitted by different aphid species in a non‐persistent, non‐circulative manner. Green peach aphid ( GPA ), M yzus persicae S ulzer, is the most efficient vector in laboratory studies, but potato aphid ( PA ), M acrosiphum euphorbiae T homas (both H emiptera: A phididae, M acrosiphini), and bird cherry‐oat aphid ( BCOA ), R hopalosiphum padi L . ( H emiptera: A phididae, A phidini), also contribute to PVY transmission. Studies were conducted with GPA , PA , and BCOA to assess PVY transmission efficiency for various isolates of the same strain. Treatments included three PVY strains ( PVY O , PVY N:O , PVY NTN ) and two isolates of each strain ( O z and NY 090031 for PVY O ; Alt and NY 090004 for PVY N:O ; N4 and NY090029 for PVY NTN ), using each of three aphid species as well as a sham inoculation. Virus‐free tissue‐cultured plantlets of potato cv. Russet Burbank were used as virus source and recipient plants. Five weeks post inoculation, recipient plants were tested with quantitative DAS ‐ ELISA to assess infection percentage and virus titer. ELISA ‐positive recipient plants were assayed with RT ‐ PCR to confirm presence of the expected strains. Transmission efficiency (percentage infection of plants) was highest for GPA , intermediate for BCOA , and lowest for PA . For all aphid species, transmission efficiency did not differ significantly between isolates within each strain. No correlations were found among source plant titer, infection percentage, and recipient plant titer. For both GPA and BCOA , isolates of PVY NTN were transmitted with greatest efficiency followed by isolates of PVY O and PVY N:O , which might help explain the increasing prevalence of necrotic strains in potato‐growing regions. Bird cherry‐oat aphid transmitted PVY with higher efficiency than previously reported, suggesting that this species is more important to PVY epidemiology than has been considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".