Exploring the Experiences of Asian Youth in the Criminal Justice System in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined the experiences of 15 Asian youth processed in the criminal justice system of Calgary, Canada.The findings indicate that four structural conditions shaped the experiences of Asian youth in Calgary's criminal justice system: visible minority status, Asian values, criminal involvement, and support system. The Asian youth uniformly felt they were being discriminated against at school, by the police, and in the youth detention center because of their visible minority status. Regarding Asian values, avoiding losing face in the community contributed to youths' parents' reluctance to seek help for their children outside the family. In addition, the Asian value of respect for authority led the youths' parents to attribute the children's wrongdoing to inadequate parenting rather than the misjudgments of the authorities or institutional discrimination. Such attitudes caused some of the youth to feel their families were not supportive in the youths' interactions with Calgary's criminal justice system. Family support for the youth was also related to the nature of their criminal involvement. Family support was stronger for youth who committed crimes against the person (e.g., assault) than for those who committed property crimes (e.g., theft). Family support was also weaker for youth who had strong peer group loyalty, including gang affiliation. Regarding support systems, the youth found that informal support systems (support provided by immediate family, relatives, and friends) were more helpful in criminal justice processing than formal support systems (school staff and criminal justice personnel). The findings suggest that qualities of caring, cultural sensitivity, and knowledge of gang culture are more important than the ethnicity of a social worker in helping Asian youth have positive experiences in the criminal justice system. Semi-structured individual interviews were used to collect data from the youth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".