Direct NMR detection of the unstable “red product” from the reaction between nitroprusside and 2-mercaptosuccinic acid
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reaction between nitroprusside (NP, [Fe(II)(CN)5NO](2-)) and organic thiolates (RS(-)) in aqueous solution has long been known to produce an unstable red intermediate thus often being referred to as the "red product" (RP) in the literature. While RP has always been formulated as [Fe(II)(CN)5N(O)SR](3-), it is rather difficult to study it in aqueous solution because it is not only unstable but also exhibits rapid ligand exchange. All previous studies of RP have relied on UV-vis, IR, kinetics measurements, and analysis of decomposed products. Herein we report the first comprehensive multinuclear ((1)H, (13)C, (15)N, and (17)O) NMR characterization of the RP produced from the reaction between NP and 2-mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA). The NMR chemical shifts obtained for the RP are compared with those from the free ligand (S-nitrosothiol, RS-N=O) prepared in situ by the reaction of MSA with NaNO2. We also showed that useful thermodynamic and kinetic properties of RP formation can be readily obtained from (1)H NMR studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".