Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Calgary Stampede is a week of entertainment born out of the practices of agricultural exhibitions and American Wild West shows. It provides a cultural display of shared attitudes concerning the popular heritage and development of Canada’s prairie west. This article specifically focuses on the image of First Nations men circulated by the Calgary Exhibition and Stampede during the 20th century. Members of the Treaty 7 Nations—Siksika, Kainai, Piikani, Tsuu T’ina, and Stoney Nakoda Nations—have always contributed to the success of the Calgary Stampede by performing their cultural past for tourists and Calgarians in the Indian Village, in parades, and as competitors. While each of these venues presented specific depictions of Canadian First Nations men, it is in the print materials that popular, White cultural expectations about Indian-ness were most widely circulated. Many portrayals of Stampede First Nations performers focused heavily on their bodies. In some of the promotional materials, as with a number of depictions of indigenous peoples, the Victorian notions of modesty and civility were often literally stripped from the Native body, and “Indians”—in the case of the Stampede, especially men— were depicted partially dressed, often exposing muscular bare-chests. Male aboriginal nudity was mostly the creation of White colonizers, and could be described as a portrayal of “manly Indianness” as they were depicted as physically strong warriors who possessed mastery over their environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.141 | 0.090 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".