Quantum spin liquid in a spin-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mfrac><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mfrac></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mi>Y</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>model with four-site exchange on the kagome lattice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study the ground-state phase diagram of a two-dimensional kagome-lattice spin-1/2 $XY$ model ($J$) with a four-site ring-exchange interaction ($K$) using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the superfluid phase, existing in the regime of small ring exchange, undergoes a direct transition to a ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$ quantum spin liquid phase at ${(K/J)}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}22$, which is related to the phase proposed by L. Balents, M. P. A. Fisher, and S. M. Girvin [Phys. Rev. B 65, 224412 (2002)]. The quantum phase transition between the superfluid and the spin liquid phase has exponents $z$ and $\ensuremath{\nu}$ falling in the three-dimensional $XY$ universality class, making it a candidate for an exotic $XY$* quantum critical point, mediated by the condensation of bosonic spinons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".