Process for Glycine Production by Antisolvent Crystallization Using Its Phase Equilibria in the Ethylene Glycol–NH<sub>4</sub>Cl–Water System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new process for the production of glycine by using antisolvent crystallization with the mixture of ethylene glycol (MEG) and water as a substitute for methanol has been developed on the basis of chemical modeling phase equilibria for the glycine–NH 4 Cl–MEG–H 2 O system. MEG is considered as a green solvent because it has great higher boiling point up to 470 K and thus is almost nonvolatile compared with methanol. We discovered that the solubility of glycine, NH 4 Cl and their mixtures can be greatly changed by altering the composition of the mixed MEG–H 2 O solvents and realized the complete separation of glycine and NH 4 Cl by water evaporation. Phase equilibria for the glycine–NH 4 Cl–MEG–H 2 O system were measured from 278 to 353 K. The mixed-solvent electrolyte (MSE) model was applied with new binary interaction parameters obtained from regressing experimental and literature data. This newly modified model accurately predicted the solubilities in the quaternary glycine–NH 4 Cl–MEG–H 2 O system with average absolute relative deviations of 5.84% and 1.03% for glycine and NH 4 Cl, respectively. Simulation for the new process was performed by the model to investigate its operating conditions, from which the optimal composition of antisolvent was determined to be 50 wt % of MEG solution. Under this condition, glycine and NH 4 Cl were successfully separated from their solid mixtures in batch crystallization experiments, validating the feasibility of the proposed process for glycine production.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".