Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: The application of DNA sequencing and molecular-based typing to detect HLA-DRB1 alleles showed that those associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) shared a consensus amino acid sequence (QKRAA or QRRAA) at positions 70-74 of the third hypervariable region of the HLA-DRB1 chain. This is defined as the so-called `shared epitope`. Many studies reported that shared epitope was associated with RA susceptibility and disease severity. Also, DRB1*0401 and DRB1*0404 alleles confer genetic predisposition to RA in Caucasian. We studied the frequency of shared epitope, DRB1*04, DRB1*0401, and DRB1*0404 in Korean RA patients using monoclonal antibodies. We also tried to investigate the influence of these factors on susceptibility and severity in RA patients and to evaluate the method. Methods: RA patients were 32 persons with classical or definite RA who attended the Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. We separated lymphocytes from whole blood and used indirect immunofluorescence staining method using four monoclonal antibodies (Terra Nova, Canada). Results: The frequency of DRB1*04 and shared epitope were 56% and 56%, respectively. That of DRB1*0401 and DRB1*0404 were positive in 19% and 9% of all patients, respectively. There were no association between share epitope and disease severity. Conclusion: The shared epitope is expressed with high frequency, as many as DR4 frequency in Korean RA patients. But the frequency of DRB1*0401 and DRB1*0404 is low different from Caucasian. The used method is simple and easy to screen shared epitope.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".